پژوهشگر مؤسسۀ دار الإعلام لمدرسة أهل البیت و دانشپژوه مؤسسۀ کلام امام صادق.
Abstract
Innovation (bid'ah) refers primarily to heterodox doctrines. In Islamic law, when used without qualification, bid'ah denotes any newly invented matter that is without precedent and is in opposition to the Quran and prophetic tradition. Those who practice bid'ah are considered to be misguided. However, there are a number of criteria for bid'ah according to well-known scholars. Those criteria play a very important role in determining what is religiously innovative and heterodox. For this reason, it is very important to explain the concept of bid'ah properly. What is well-known among scholars is that there are three criteria for innovation which can be obtained from Ibn Taymiyyah's words. What is important to note is Ibn Taymiyyah's mistakes in explaining those criteria. This article seeks to explain those criteria as well as to highlight Ibn Taymiyyah's mistakes in his explanations of the criteria for bid'ah. One of his most important mistakes revolves around the concept of 'ibadah and the necessity of something being precedent in determining the meaning of bid'ah and the application of “Sunnah Tarkiyah” to the manifestations of 'tark' or abandoning.